Business Ethics Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Business Ethics - Case Study Example Contamination issues in Ohio valley are established in the year 1950 with the developing of the Union Carbide which prompted the structure of a few enterprises in the rugged districts around the Ohio valley. Contamination issues began in 1951 (Hartley 1993. p. 31). Sediment awful smell and debris were being produced to the climate causing gigantic of contamination. The neighboring populace around the mechanical zone encountered the most enduring since most settlement were based on the valley. Individuals were tainted with respiratory sickness among different hazardous ailments. The Union carbine baffled the individuals argue for the contamination substance to be decreased. The National Air Pollution Control Administration attempted to mediate in the circumstance by mentioning the region to be examined however the consequence of this was an oblivious reaction from the legislature. This depicts the degree of debasement and untrustworthy business condition in Ohio. Organizations just ce ntered around the benefits and their business results while dismissed the human condition wherein the business straightforwardly influences. Business morals advocate for solid business conditions which includes the connection between the human and business condition. A solid business condition should consider the monetary, social and world of politics. These are the elements that decide the flourishing of a business be it in the private or open area. A decent business is controlled by the degree of positive co-connection between these substance factors. Association carbine shows adverse business morals since it doesn't consider the assistance of the individuals living in the general condition. In 1971, ecological changes were organized which incorporated the execution of various contamination the executives measures. Association Carbide shut down one kettle and a few laborers lost their positions thus. This was considered as a type of counter to because of the new natural changes. T his is untrustworthy as it shows absence of thought by the organization. Lockheed Corporation: Overseas Bribery Gone Rampant Corruption is one of the significant traits of untrustworthy business. Debasement takes course in type of pay off of unlawful delicate assignment. Robert F. Hartley gives a diagram of debasement cases and how they influence business morals. Lockheed Corporation had attempted to wander into a few organizations yet none of them ended up being fruitful (Hartley 1993. p. 83). The organization put vigorously in various organizations which all flopped in the process before making any slight positive results. Because of this, the organization chose to change to unscrupulous type of business activity. Lockheed Corporation chose to broaden their deals abroad so as to acquire more benefits. This constrained the organization to cause result so as to acquire contracts. Subsequently it occupied with ware exchanging with nations like Netherlands, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Italy, Iran and Spain. These brought about the acquiescence of the company’s executive. The motivation to this was the organization failed under his authority. Untrustworthy strategic approaches show a feeling of unprofessionalism. The organization load up constrained the chief to leave since he showed amateurish administration aptitudes at the time the organization expected to advance and settle of its past deficiencies. This additionally prompted the production of outside debasement act in 1977. Robert F. Hartley

Disparity and Discrimination Essay Sample free essay sample

All through the United States bias has significantly strung itself in the way individuals associate toward various social foundations. Blending to condemnable justness framework. uniqueness is alluded to an army whole of worries and denouncing for certain social gatherings of individuals. It prevalently alludes to racial and social uniqueness. Albeit racial divergence has non ever been knowing preference. it has authoritatively been confirmed. This paper will look into preference and uniqueness as they identify with our condemnable justness framework. Divergence and bias are on occasion utilized conversely ; by the by. these footings do non hold a similar centrality. Divergence is a distinction in mediation or result that does non needfully follow from knowing preference or inclination. Segregation. on the different manus. is differential mediation of people dependent on immaterial gauges. for example, race. sexual orientation. or on the other hand cultural classification ( Kathleen Daly and Michael Tonry 1997. p. 129 ) . At the point when the condemning system is applied. divergence happens when two individuals have comparative offenses yet each are condemned in any case or when various transgressors get a similar sentence. We will compose a custom article test on Dissimilarity and Discrimination Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It exists when two miscreants who have indistinct condemnable narratives and each dedicated and are sentenced for a similar offense ; in any case. the equity forces an alternate sentence for every transgressor or when an equity forces a similar sentence for two miscreants whose front offenses and condemnable records are completely unique in relation to every others. Interestingly. bias denouncing exists when includes that are immaterial to the suspect. for example, skin shading. or on the other hand sex have an effect on the sentence that was forced after every single legitimate variable were mulled over. It exists when a Hispanic or an African American transgressor get an a lot harsher sentence than that of a white miscreant or when a miscreant that is hapless gets a more punitory sentence than a well-off miscreant. An outline of partiality condemning ; assume there are two 20-year-old work powers who have been indicted for thievery. Every one of these work powers has one foremost s olid conviction for engine vehicle burglary ; neither of these work powers has served cut in jail nor in gaol. At the point when it is cut for them to look before a similar equity for their condemning. A white male who works parcel cut at McDonald’s gets a sentence of a half year in gaol. While an African American male who happens to be jobless gets a sentence of 2 mature ages in jail. Judges ought to will undoubtedly follow the rules of the law with regards to censuring miscreants. They ought to non be allowed to manus out sentences as they see fit. Judges who use preference while denouncing. prompts disorder censuring. When indicating censuring dissimilarity there are three sorts ; Interjurisdictional ; Judgess in various lawful forces sentence moreover arranged miscreants in any case. Intrajurisdictional ; Judgess in the equivalent legitimate force sentence in like manner arranged miscreants in any case and Intrajudge ; a single equity makes conflicting censuring conclusions ( Kathleen Daly and Michael Tonry 1997. p. 129 ) . The grounds are muddled with regards to why one equity in a specific legitimate force may authorize an alternate sentence to comparable miscreants. These grounds might be founded on a judge’s conviction and these convictions can hold an effect on the condemning that is forced. Condemning preference can arrive in a figure of signifiers. like dissimilarity. Unadulterated justness ; no partiality takes topographic point. Institutional partiality ; bias that results from impartial utilization of approaches or processs. Relevant preference ; partiality that happens in certain specific circumstances or under certain fortunes. Singular Acts of the Apostless of partiality ; preferential conclusions made by a couple of people inside the framework. also, orderly bias ; preference at all stages. in every topographic point. what's more, during all clasp periods ( Kathleen Daly and Michael Tonry 1997. p. 129 ) . Clearly. bias is a part of this general public. This was delineated by Payne ( 2000 ) : ‘It is incomprehensible even to get down to accept about individuals without in a split second gathering ‘social divisions’ . We consequently see other human presences as being male or female. dark or white. more seasoned or more youthful. more extravagant or more unfortunate. wiped out or great. or then again companion or adversary. In sorting out a perceptual encounter of them. we place them in categorizes. pleasing our conduct and perspectives to them in footings of the openings into which we have set them ( Payne. 2000 ) . We as universes have the tendency to do premises and equity others dependent on age. ethnicity and different highlights which can at long last take to taking care of individuals in any case climate it is done intentionally or non. Notices Illingworth. P. ( 2009 ) . Engaging bias. In A hypothetical record for jail change ( pp. 20-28 ) . Kathleen Daly and Michael Tonry ( 1997 ) . Condemning divergence and preference. In Gender Race and Sentencing ( p. 129 ) . US: Writer. Payne G ( Ed ) ( 2000 ) Social Divisions. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

9 Powerful Ways to Market Your Book

9 Powerful Ways to Market Your Book If youve recently joined the ranks of self-published authors, it doesnt take long to realize the most important rule in the game: learn to market your book and learn it well. But in a literary world thats constantly evolvingâ€"especially with digital sales on the riseâ€"knowing how and where to market your book can be a challenge. Thats why weve gathered nine of the most effective ways to market your work and build on your success as an author.Find your reader personaIn the marketing world, this step is one of the first ones taken before putting together a plan to market a service or product. Finding your reader persona involves creating a composite sketch of who your most likely audience will be. Will it be male or female (or both)? Is there an age group your book will appeal to most? Are they in college? Working professionals? What other types of media are they most likely to consume (besides your book, hopefully)?Just as marketers use a consumer persona to help them find the best ways to market a clients business or product, self-published authors should have a good idea of the most likely audience their book will attract. This not only helps determine the best marketing tactics to useâ€"it helps you narrow those tactics to direct them toward a niche market that is most likely to buy your book.Look at whats sellingAs a self-published author, you obviously want a coveted spot on Amazons bestseller list. And Amazon makes it easy to conduct your own market research by browsing through their Amazon Best Sellers, which is updated hourly.On the left side of this page, youll notice several categories you can select (travel, history, childrens books, etc.) to see the bestsellers within those categories. You can then drill down even further within those categories to find the one that most closely matches your book. For example, in the category of childrens books, youll find Action Adventure; Activities, Crafts Games; Animals; Arts, Music Photography; Childrens Co okbooks; etc.So why do this? First, youll be able to see if theres already a book that similar to yours on the bestseller list. If so, you might need to consider ways to set it apart from the book thats already a bestsellerâ€"either in its description or in the sample chapter you provide. Also, youll be able to select smart categories for your own book, which well discuss in the next tip.Select smart categoriesIn his article How to Choose the Best Book Categories, Kindlepreneurs Dave Chesson offers detailed instructions on choosing categories for your self-published book that will help boost its sales. The process he explains involves finding categories that would fit your book but might not be as competitive as others.According to Chesson, Amazon assigns the ABSR of a book based on how many sales or downloads it has had over a certain period of time as compared to all other books on the Amazon market. A lower number means that the book is selling better than others, and a higher nu mber means it isnt. If your book has the LOWEST ABSR of all books in a category, then you are the #1 best seller in that category. It is that simple. And of courseâ€"getting onto a bestseller list (even if its a niche category) will boost your books sales exponentially based on increased exposure on Amazon.For example, lets consider a current nonfiction Amazon bestseller by Brené Brown called Dare to Lead: Brave Work. Tough Conversations. Whole Hearts. Youll notice that the book has been placed in several categories and is in a different spot within each. Below are the books current rank in three categories, including:#2 in Books Health, Fitness Dieting Psychology Counseling Social Psychology Interactions#2 in Books Business Money Management Leadership Leadership#3 in Books Self-Help Personal TransformationMake your sample chapter amazingWhen a potential buyer sees your book online and is debating whether to purchase it, your sample chapter could be that final push the y need to add it to their cart. On your Amazon page, this is what theyll see when they click Look Inside and this is your opportunity to really sell your writing.While it might seem logical to put your first chapter as your sample, keep in mind that this is your opportunity to really show off as a writer. The first chapter, which is often exposition and getting to know the main character, might not be the best sample to offer.Make your author bio shineYour author bio is another great way to market your book, particularly if you have written a novel in a nonfiction category. Most readers want to know a little about the person they are taking advice from, especially if its related to their career or hobbies. For nonfiction author bios, you should include your experience related to the subject, including any degrees, certifications, or training you might have had that would make you an expert on the topic. You should also list any relevant travel or speaking experience that has shaped your worldview as an author.For fiction, something shorter and to the point is generally the best choice. If youve achieved any awards for your writing or have been published in any compilations, be sure to include those, as well as brief information about where you live and what you enjoy doing most. This article is a great resource for how to write your author bio and provides a lot of examples to look through when creating your own.Build an email list through lead magnetsLead magnets are incentives to sign up for something, most often an email list. This email list can then be used to keep in contact with your most likely readers and let them know about special events (such as book signings), sales, or new books coming out. Its also a way to bond with your readership and make them feel like they are an important part of what you do (because they are!).A lead magnet is your best bet to encourage as many people as possible to sign up for email from you. This incentive can be as sim ple as an additional free sample chapter, a free download that isnt available without first signing up, a poem, advice, or a link to a YouTube video where you address an important question that might arise about your writing. This article is a great resource for various types of lead magnets you can use. The possibilities are practically endless!Identify your influencersWhether its your family and friends, or a small social media following, your biggest fans will play a large role in helping you market your book. They can share information on their own social media accounts and tell others about how much they enjoyed your book. In fact, consider giving free copies to those who will influence others to buy your book. Its a marketing tactic that could pay off surprisingly well for you if the right influencer really likes what youve written.Create an author websiteHaving an online presence is not only importantâ€"its essential if you want to market your book and build an audience. Your author website will be the primary means to do this and should offer both current readers and potential readers an opportunity to get to know you and your writing.However, make sure your author website is professional and easy to navigate on multiple devices. People are increasingly using their smartphones and tablets to access information online, so ensuring that your site is optimized for such viewing will help increase your audience exponentially.Get your book reviewedIf youve ever bought anything onlineâ€"say, Amazon, for exampleâ€"you know how much reviews influenced your decision. Retail marketers understand this and put a lot of effort into curating good reviews online.In addition to multiple services available for getting your book reviewed (this one, for example) you can also ask for reviews from your core fanbase (even if its just your friends and family). These reviews will go a long way in influencing others to buy your book.

9 Powerful Ways to Market Your Book

9 Powerful Ways to Market Your Book If youve recently joined the ranks of self-published authors, it doesnt take long to realize the most important rule in the game: learn to market your book and learn it well. But in a literary world thats constantly evolvingâ€"especially with digital sales on the riseâ€"knowing how and where to market your book can be a challenge. Thats why weve gathered nine of the most effective ways to market your work and build on your success as an author.Find your reader personaIn the marketing world, this step is one of the first ones taken before putting together a plan to market a service or product. Finding your reader persona involves creating a composite sketch of who your most likely audience will be. Will it be male or female (or both)? Is there an age group your book will appeal to most? Are they in college? Working professionals? What other types of media are they most likely to consume (besides your book, hopefully)?Just as marketers use a consumer persona to help them find the best ways to market a clients business or product, self-published authors should have a good idea of the most likely audience their book will attract. This not only helps determine the best marketing tactics to useâ€"it helps you narrow those tactics to direct them toward a niche market that is most likely to buy your book.Look at whats sellingAs a self-published author, you obviously want a coveted spot on Amazons bestseller list. And Amazon makes it easy to conduct your own market research by browsing through their Amazon Best Sellers, which is updated hourly.On the left side of this page, youll notice several categories you can select (travel, history, childrens books, etc.) to see the bestsellers within those categories. You can then drill down even further within those categories to find the one that most closely matches your book. For example, in the category of childrens books, youll find Action Adventure; Activities, Crafts Games; Animals; Arts, Music Photography; Childrens Co okbooks; etc.So why do this? First, youll be able to see if theres already a book that similar to yours on the bestseller list. If so, you might need to consider ways to set it apart from the book thats already a bestsellerâ€"either in its description or in the sample chapter you provide. Also, youll be able to select smart categories for your own book, which well discuss in the next tip.Select smart categoriesIn his article How to Choose the Best Book Categories, Kindlepreneurs Dave Chesson offers detailed instructions on choosing categories for your self-published book that will help boost its sales. The process he explains involves finding categories that would fit your book but might not be as competitive as others.According to Chesson, Amazon assigns the ABSR of a book based on how many sales or downloads it has had over a certain period of time as compared to all other books on the Amazon market. A lower number means that the book is selling better than others, and a higher nu mber means it isnt. If your book has the LOWEST ABSR of all books in a category, then you are the #1 best seller in that category. It is that simple. And of courseâ€"getting onto a bestseller list (even if its a niche category) will boost your books sales exponentially based on increased exposure on Amazon.For example, lets consider a current nonfiction Amazon bestseller by Brené Brown called Dare to Lead: Brave Work. Tough Conversations. Whole Hearts. Youll notice that the book has been placed in several categories and is in a different spot within each. Below are the books current rank in three categories, including:#2 in Books Health, Fitness Dieting Psychology Counseling Social Psychology Interactions#2 in Books Business Money Management Leadership Leadership#3 in Books Self-Help Personal TransformationMake your sample chapter amazingWhen a potential buyer sees your book online and is debating whether to purchase it, your sample chapter could be that final push the y need to add it to their cart. On your Amazon page, this is what theyll see when they click Look Inside and this is your opportunity to really sell your writing.While it might seem logical to put your first chapter as your sample, keep in mind that this is your opportunity to really show off as a writer. The first chapter, which is often exposition and getting to know the main character, might not be the best sample to offer.Make your author bio shineYour author bio is another great way to market your book, particularly if you have written a novel in a nonfiction category. Most readers want to know a little about the person they are taking advice from, especially if its related to their career or hobbies. For nonfiction author bios, you should include your experience related to the subject, including any degrees, certifications, or training you might have had that would make you an expert on the topic. You should also list any relevant travel or speaking experience that has shaped your worldview as an author.For fiction, something shorter and to the point is generally the best choice. If youve achieved any awards for your writing or have been published in any compilations, be sure to include those, as well as brief information about where you live and what you enjoy doing most. This article is a great resource for how to write your author bio and provides a lot of examples to look through when creating your own.Build an email list through lead magnetsLead magnets are incentives to sign up for something, most often an email list. This email list can then be used to keep in contact with your most likely readers and let them know about special events (such as book signings), sales, or new books coming out. Its also a way to bond with your readership and make them feel like they are an important part of what you do (because they are!).A lead magnet is your best bet to encourage as many people as possible to sign up for email from you. This incentive can be as sim ple as an additional free sample chapter, a free download that isnt available without first signing up, a poem, advice, or a link to a YouTube video where you address an important question that might arise about your writing. This article is a great resource for various types of lead magnets you can use. The possibilities are practically endless!Identify your influencersWhether its your family and friends, or a small social media following, your biggest fans will play a large role in helping you market your book. They can share information on their own social media accounts and tell others about how much they enjoyed your book. In fact, consider giving free copies to those who will influence others to buy your book. Its a marketing tactic that could pay off surprisingly well for you if the right influencer really likes what youve written.Create an author websiteHaving an online presence is not only importantâ€"its essential if you want to market your book and build an audience. Your author website will be the primary means to do this and should offer both current readers and potential readers an opportunity to get to know you and your writing.However, make sure your author website is professional and easy to navigate on multiple devices. People are increasingly using their smartphones and tablets to access information online, so ensuring that your site is optimized for such viewing will help increase your audience exponentially.Get your book reviewedIf youve ever bought anything onlineâ€"say, Amazon, for exampleâ€"you know how much reviews influenced your decision. Retail marketers understand this and put a lot of effort into curating good reviews online.In addition to multiple services available for getting your book reviewed (this one, for example) you can also ask for reviews from your core fanbase (even if its just your friends and family). These reviews will go a long way in influencing others to buy your book.

The Inventions of Leonardo da Vinci

Vaccinations Should Be Mandatory For All Children

Recently, many diseases that had been eradicated because of childhood vaccinations have been making an appearance. Health officials are concerned that diseases will spread and lives will be lost. Officials all agree that vaccinations will benefit the population. Some parents feel it is an infringement on the right to keep the children healthy and safe. Vaccinations should be mandatory for all children because it will prevent diseases from spreading, protect future generations, and save children and parents time and money. Childhood vaccinations have not been a topic of controversy until recent times. Due to the recent outbreaks of diseases that were thought to be eliminated, people are now investigating vaccinations. State representatives and Congressional people have even gotten on the bandwagon to emphasize the importance of vaccinations. Many states already require children to be vaccinated before entering school, but states allow religious, medical, or personal exemptions. Gettin g rid of these exemptions would be beneficial to not only parents and children, but also to members of society. Having children vaccinated at a young age when the immune system can respond correctly to vaccines will benefit the future health of children. Children are more at danger at a younger age to catch infectious diseases. Vaccines are a safe way to prevent the child from getting sick. â€Å"Proponents say that vaccination is safe and one of the greatest health developments of the 20th century†Show MoreRelatedEssay Vaccinations Should Be Mandatory For All Children1534 Words   |  7 Pagesunderstand why I needed shots. All I knew was this sharp thing was going to be stuck in my arm and it was going to hurt. Before I got my four year old shots I received my first set of vaccines, vaccines that people are now claiming are dangerous. Research shows that vaccination rates fell. MMR (mumps, measles, and rubella) vaccine rates dropped from 93.5% to 90.6%, tetanus, whooping c ough and diphtheria rates dropped from 87.2% to 85.4% in 2009. (Kluger) Why are vaccination rates dropping so significantlyRead MoreShould Vaccination Of All Children Be Made Mandatory By Law?867 Words   |  4 PagesThis paper will explore â€Å"Should Vaccination of All Children Be Made Mandatory by Law?† This effort deals with the fundamental role of vaccine in our life. To Whom It May Concern, ever since the beginning, over two centuries ago, there have been debates over the morals, integrity, effectiveness, and safety of vaccination and immunization. Today, there is a new law that obligates parents to vaccinate their children in order for them to enroll into a public school, which has started a massive disarrayRead MoreMandatory Vaccination Should Be Mandatory Vaccinations1228 Words   |  5 PagesMandatory vaccinations should be required for all citizens in the U.S. Having mandatory vaccinations will allow for well protected future generations that are susceptible to less health issues. With everyone being vaccinated there will be less occurrences of these diseases and sicknesses allowing future generations a more healthy life with fewer visits to the doctor’s office and hospital. Another reason to have mandatory vaccinations is that these vaccines are safe and approved by trusted medicalRead MorePros And Cons Of Vaccination1665 Words à ‚  |  7 PagesVaccinations, Worth A Shot! Mandated Vaccinations are a huge argument right now because of health and disease issues. There are people on both sides of this argument. Some people are against vaccinating their children because they feel they are being forced to have their child get vaccinated. While some people feel the need that vaccinations are important to protect themselves from any illness or diseases. Vaccinations should be mandatory for all schools and health care purposes. For one, peopleRead MoreMandatory Vaccinations1223 Words   |  5 Pages Mandatory vaccinations in public school in my opinion play a major role in children’s lives. They are safe and effective, they protect others we care about, and will protect our future generations. Throughout the years there have been thousands and thousands of children’s lives lost due to outbreaks of diseases such as polio and the measles causing many deaths among young children. Vaccinations that have become effective over the years, limiting these diseases if not getting rid of them periodRead MoreYes or No to Mandatory Vaccinations Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesYes or No to Mandatory Vaccinations Should vaccinations be mandatory for children entering school? At the present time, all fifty states in the United States require children entering public school to be vaccinated. However, no federal vaccination laws exist (ProCon.org, Children Vaccinations, Did you know?). Many parents hold religious beliefs against vaccination. Forcing such parents to vaccinate their children would violate the First Amendment, which guarantees citizens the right toRead MoreThe Case Of Mandatory Vaccination922 Words   |  4 PagesFriedman. Yet, in the case of mandatory vaccines, agreement on protecting another’s life is not universal; therefore we must further justify a policy of mandatory vaccination. Further justification for mandatory vaccinations is logically discerned by reading John Stuart Mill’s and Arthur Okun’s views on rights. In On Liberty, Mill articulates that the only form of acceptable coercion is through the â€Å"harm principle† or â€Å"other regarding.† This translates as no one can or should want to harm their neighbor;Read MoreMandatory Vaccination, and the High Risk of Vaccine-preventable Disease (VPD) to the Vaccine Refusal.1361 Words   |  6 PagesVaccinations demonstrate the benefits of preventing suffering and death from infectious diseases. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Vaccinations were approved as a number one on the list of the Ten Great Public Health Achievements for the United States from 1900 to 1999. If a critical number of people within a community are vaccinated against a particular illness, the entire group becomes less likely to get the disease. This protection is called communi ty, or herdRead MoreThe Medical Influence Of The American Medical Association1263 Words   |  6 PagesAssociation, has an 80,000 member group ready to lobby for mandatory vaccinations (Mihalovic n.p.). If their influence among legislators is strong enough, they can eventually force parents to vaccinate their children in order to access educational institutions. In history, only three provinces had mandatory requirements for vaccines, Ontario, Manitoba and New Brunswick. Nonetheless, proponents for mandatory vaccination believe that it should be done on a local scale. They believe that the large percentageRead MoreVaccinations : A Problem For Many Parents Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagestheir children and other children at risk of catching diseases. Parents think that if their children’s classmates are not vaccinated it puts their children in danger, however, that was the main reason their children were vaccinated in the first place. Either way parents should have the right to decide whether to get their children vaccinated. Although, the vaccinations are supposed to protect children from certain diseases, it can actually be a danger itself. The possibility that vaccinations can

The Conscious Is At Target - 1299 Words

The Conscious is at Target Brave New World, an eye opening novel for our times. The importance of human conscious is essential to keep our freedom. As â€Å"Brave New World† Aldous Huxley novel a great work which brought every reader to ask to oneself if it will be possible to have that world in our proximity. The novel is so real that you can almost agree that in this writing Huxley had a prediction. His novel in my point of view can differ from many other critiques and I believe it goes hand in hand with Freud Sigmund theory, which consist of at least three levels of the mind, conscious, preconscious and unconscious, the unconscious he stated is the most important of the mind the part you cannot see. Brave New world, brings us many of the instincts individuals struggle with. Just as Freud explains we have a structural model of the mind comprising the entities id, ego and superego. Brave New World relate some of the characters to this theory, the Director of the BNW, the w riter Aldous Huxley, Bernard, Helmholtz and John his character is definitely one of the main characters using the theory throughout the novel. Brave New World brought a new way of thinking to readers, as was the way each of us interpret it’s meaning, there are critics who say the work hit close to home. While some critiques as MC Dowson stated â€Å"A lugubrious and heavy-handed piece of propaganda. (P.S. p8) I disagree with some of the critiques, in my point of view Huxley is using some of Freud Sigmund theoryShow MoreRelatedEssay on Lyft Stp896 Words   |  4 Pagesto get everyone who currently owns a car to join a trusted information network to share rides.† – Scott Weis, 2013 Lyft current specific segments are: †¢ Socially conscious †¢ Environment friendly †¢ Tech-savvy millennials †¢ Busy city professionals †¢ Population active at night o College towns o Large cities †¢ Cost conscious Lyfts’ general segments are: Criteria Segment Geographic region Across all United States Density Urban, Suburban, Rural Demographic age All ages Family size AllRead MoreSmoothie Business Marketing Plan1082 Words   |  5 Pages...for the health-conscious folks Table of Content Situation Analysis Summary........................2 SWOT Analysis..............................................2 Marketing Objectives....................................3 Marketing Strategies.....................................4 Positioning the Product................................5 1 ...for the health-conscious folks Situation Analysis Summary Smoothie Company is an entrepreneurial organization that produces fruit-and-yogurtbasedRead MorePerception And Perception Of The Conscious Mind1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe conscious mind is a widely debated, undefined phenomenon. It can and has been simplified to three manifestations, the conscious, sub-conscious and unconscious, however, it is yet to be fully agreed upon what consciousness actually is (Corsini Wedding, 2011). Block (2005) describes two very different types of consciousness; access consciousness and phenomenal consciousness. Phenomenal consciousness, similar to Searle’s (2000) qualitativeness, refers to a subjective ‘feeling’ which consciousRead Moremanagement1439 Words   |  6 PagesTarget Market Profile: Red Bull’s markets to young urban males ranging in age from 16 to 29 years old. These males live in a constantly exciting, adventurous and exerting lifestyle. They â€Å"live life on the edge† or try to and they usually are average build or go to the gym/work out on a consistent level. â€Å"Red Bull males† participate in competitive and extreme sports or any other kind of adventurous and recreational activities. Competitive gamers in the video game industry are also gravitating towardsRead MoreConscious Awareness In Mental Awareness991 Words   |  4 Pagesalso investigated fMRI on detecting conscious awareness in MCS patients. In the study, t he patients participated in an auditory task in the fMRI scanner. There were two different trials in the auditory task. One of them was a passive listening task, which acted as a baseline, the participants were signaled by the words â€Å"Listen all† each time before this trial. The other trial was a counting task, which required the participants to count the occurrence of the target word, they heard the words â€Å"count†Read MoreMarket Segmentation and Positioning1250 Words   |  5 PagesWrite a white paper on a company of your choice and discuss the market segmentation within that industry along with the target market for the company and the selection process for that target market.   Required Elements: * No more than 2100 words * Include demographic, psychographic, geographic, and behavioral characteristics for the selected company. * A positioning statement for the company with careful consideration of their brand and strategy * Paper is consistent with APA guidelinesRead MoreReflection Of Reflection On Reflection1492 Words   |  6 Pagesperceptions or those conscious experiences that are linked to our sensory modalities, e.g. seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, and touching; (3) our affective states or those conscious experiences such as emotions, feelings, and bodily sensations such as pains, itches, tingles, and cramps; (4) our concurrent actions, and (5) our mental processes such as decision-making and goal-setting. Now, currently ongoing, and recently past, mental states and process like these (1-5) are considered targets of introspectionRead MoreMarketing and Coffee-mate1163 Words   |  5 Pagescontrast to the competitor. 3. Should Coffee-Mate be mass marketed, aimed at one segment or aimed at multiple segments In mass marketing you are trying to serve the whole market with the same product. Companies have not always practiced target marketing. In fact, for most of the 1900s major consumer products companies held fast to mass marketing-mass producing, mass distributing, and mass promoting about the same product in about the same way to all consumers. Henry Ford epitomized thisRead MoreReed Case1482 Words   |  6 Pageshigh-end | | |unemployment. |offerings. | |3. |Supercenters operated on large scales and offered big |Reed lost cost-conscious customers, prosperous families with | | |discounts. |large storage areas, small businesses low to middle-income | | |Warehouse clubs sold in bulk, offering prices way belowRead MoreThe Robots Rebellion By Keith E. Stanovich897 Words   |  4 Pages This essay is to further explore the target which is the slides from lecture 17 consciousness using the slides Meanings and automatization by using examples from the book â€Å" The Robots Rebellion† by Keith E. Stanovich, which is the base to further explain and expand on these points. Consciousness can be linked to multiple things, such as how we do things, why we do things and anything that is related to being aware or awake. When a person is conscious of their behaviour, actions and abilities

Factors That Moved Florence Into the Renaissance free essay sample

A part of their government was seven chosen men who they referred to as ‘senior guilds’ which formed a body of magistrates and ruled the city. This government was created so that it could preserve Florence from the rise of terrible city tyrants who were out to get many cities. This government introduced situations of the city as public matter rather than private matter. Anyone a part of this government had to be elected or appointed. No positions were inherited to people. People elected their rulers and it was the ruler’s responsibilities to help the concerns of all the people rather than just a few. The second factor that moved Florence in to the Renaissance was the rise of Fine Art; starting with paintings. In the late 15th century many artists came around to some very famous pieces and new concepts of art. One artist that played a major role in this was Gentile Da Fabriano. We will write a custom essay sample on Factors That Moved Florence Into the Renaissance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He’s most famous for his new Gothic International painting, the â€Å"Adoration of the Magi. This piece of art became the new talk of the town. It incorporated many influences from all over Europe, not just Italy. It also purposed many ideas and storytelling, which was something that hadn’t been done at this time yet. Another famous artist, which many of us know today, Leonardo Da Vinci. He’s most famous for his painting of the â€Å"Mona Lisa† mostly because of her interesting smile. The third factor that moved Florence in to the Renaissance was the introduction of Humanism. Within the late 14th and early 15th century, a new perspective of learning, writing, creating, and even thinking arose. Humanism seeks after the incredible importance on people rather than the divine or supernatural matters. This allowed many people to turn away from the Medieval Ages to a new age. A famous scholar Pico Della Mirandola convinced that all human learning could be synthesized in a way such as to yield basic and elementary truths. The fourth factory that moved Florence in to the Renaissance was music. In the 15th century most musicians were from the North but had exchanged ideas and developed a new musical idiom. One famous musician and composer was Guillaume Dufay. He was known as the world’s most famous composer of that century. He studied music and singing and also was a part of the Papal choir in Rome. He later went on to teach and composer some of the most famous music pieces of his generation. 2. What are the stylistic characteristics of Florentine Renaissance painting? Give Examples. There are so many different characteristics that set these painting done in the renaissance apart from any other paintings. One of the stylistic characteristics would be the introduction of realism through the arts. Making paintings and sculptures more real and relative to what the artists may be going through or see in their daily lives. Another characteristic would be how more and more painting was representing religion. Whether it is religious figure, scenes from scriptures, or religious theories, they were all being covered. One example of that would be Leonardo Da Vinci’s â€Å"The Last Supper. † In that painting it shows Jesus having his last dinner with his twelve disciples. The next characteristic that you will see in the Renaissance paintings would be its depiction of human emotion and portraits. Many artists did this to show realism, and to also show their intelligence and beauty of the human body. For example, in Leonardo Da Vinci’s sculpture of ‘David’ you have seen a grown man completely naked; in the position the Italians call contraposto. 3. How do the Fondling Hospital and the Pazzi Chaple show the influence of Roman Architecture? The Foundling Hospital built in 1419 and designed by Filippo Brunelleschi, started out as a place for orphan and abandoned children to go to and later turned into a hospital. Both of these building represent a change in not only the outward appearance but also the reconstruction of the Renaissance. The Foundling Hospital had lots of domes and arches, including colorful grey and green stones to spice up the place. It also had many slender columns, and classical molding all around the buildings. Arches, domes, and columns became very famous in architecture during the renaissance. It was a style that hadn’t been seen before. The Pazzi Chapel was a religious building and it was built in 1429 by Andrea Pazzi. It too had slender and larger columns, colorful stone, arches and domes. Both building represented a new way of designing and constructing building. 4. Why was Cosimo De’ Medici significant in the development of the Renaissance in Florence? Cosimo Medici was a very well known banker in Italy and was close friends with many popular and intelligent professors, collector of books and patrons of the arts. He made an effort to study Greek and even founded the Platonic Academy for the study of Plato. He later on wrote his own compendium of Platonism called, â€Å"Theologia Platonica. † His family, also known as the Medici Family, supported many artists, writers, and deep thinkers, with their money. His family also established the modern â€Å"banking† system which we still use today. Actually the word bank was derived from the Italian word â€Å"banco† which translates to â€Å"counter† or â€Å"table† in which money is exchanged.

Experienceing The Game free essay sample

Experiencing The Gameby Matt Silverio, Bristol, CTYou step into the batters box and stare down the pitcher. You dig your feet in and take your practice cuts. You are now watching his every move, waiting to see the ball. The pitcher comes set, kicks his leg and you see it. The ball is coming down the heart of the plate. Your eyes almost pop out of your head. Its perfect and you swing. When you connect, you feel the ball give and you know that you hit it on the sweet spot. The ball sails over the left-fielders head and you round first base, heading for second. He picks it up and fires it in as you dive head-first to beat the throw. You look at the pitcher as he looks at you, and you smile.As you lead off second, you see the pitcher staring at you. We will write a custom essay sample on Experienceing The Game or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He kicks and delivers to the plate. Strike One, yells the umpire. You lead off again and he does not even look at you. You have a big lead and as he comes to his set, you take off for third and dive in head-first. Safe! yells the umpire. When you get up, you dust yourself off, look to the catcher and smile. He looks at you and punches his glove in frustration. The batter hits the next pitch into center field, the center-fielder catches it, you tag up from third base and sprint home. You beat the throw and are congratulated by high-fives. You sit down and feel great. As you watch the pitcher deliver, you can tell he is tired. He gets the next batter to ground out and he walks to the dugout. Before the other players are off the field, you get your glove and sprint to your position at shortstop. You feel great at short, since so many great players are playing (and have played) this position.The first batter walks: man on first. The pitcher then gets some words of encouragement from the players and coach. He then proceeds to come set, kick his leg and fire in strike after strike. One out, man on first. The second baseman and you are now at double play depth. The next pitch is hit right to the second baseman, he flips to you and you come across the bag smoothly and finish the double play by throwing a rocket to the first baseman.When you come into the dugout, once again you are mobbed with high-fives. Then you sit down and cheer on your teammates. As you see the last batter fly out to center to end the game, you really feel bad that you lost. But you know that you can walk back to the locker room with your head held high, because you know that you gave your all that game. Even though you lost, you cannot wait to come out on the field again tomorrow and do it all over again.

Watcher

Watcher The Watcher This incredible short story is about a little boy named Charlie Bradley, who isn't like all the other kids his age. He was a very sick boy. Charlie had a loving mother who cared for him when he was sick. They seemed to have both one terrible thing in common, a bad chest. The Bradleys did not own a television set, so Charlie had to find different means of entertainment on his long sick days at home. He learned that if he kept quiet and still, the adults would have labeled him to be part of the furniture. On his days home, Charlie received glimpses into the adult world of common topics like misery and scandals. These relations and encounters with the adults had drastically matured Charlie before his time. Later on that year, Mabel Bradley, his mother, was sent to the hospital because the condition of her chest had worsened.Allen Ginsberg, Frankfurt Airport, 1978.

Improving the public transportation in america Essay

Improving the public transportation in america - Essay Example The public transportation system is currently one of the leading systems in the world. In fact, with the exception of a few countries, the United States has the most intelligent infrastructure for transportation in the world. With that said, the cost for maintaining this system is exceptionally higher than the cost for like nations. Such an expansive public transportation system means that there is a substantial consumption of energy to maintain the system (Achs, 1991). For the most prominent means of transportation i.e. the public bus, this means that the U.S. is putting out a large carbon foot print due to its use of gasoline. On the other hand, there are other sources of transportation such as the subway and railway systems that allow people to use trains and electrical energy for transportation. Unfortunately, only cities with enough funding for such projects have efficient transportation structures. This is unfortunate because the cities where there are high levels of poverty, t hey can’t afford to supply transportation routes to those who would most benefit from it (Achs, 1991). This strikes at the core of the theoretical underpinnings of the public transportation system. While some believe that it is critical to the elimination of traffic congestion, others believe it functions as a welfare system that allows the less fortunate to access cheap forms of transportation. Another problem facing the transportation industry is the fact that there are little public transportation systems that cross state boundaries (Roth, 2008). This is important for individuals living in border zones where they reside in one state and work in another. This could be extremely beneficial to both economies but the states are unable to capitalize on the transportation systems. Finally, transportation systems lack the logistical infrastructure that promotes the most efficient routes (Barletta,

Influence of Culture on Safety and project performance Dissertation

Influence of Culture on Safety and project performance - Dissertation Example Aim and objectives 8 5.1 Aim of the study 8 5.2 Objectives 8 6.Literature review 10 7.1Organisational Culture: 11 7.2 Types of cultures 12 7.2.1 Classify organizational Culture 12 7.2.2 Four Organizational Culture Types 13 7.2Organisational Culture in Construction Industry: 14 7.3Organisational Culture and Project Performance 15 7.4Organisational Culture, Safety, and Project Performance: 16 7.5 Construction industry growth of Saudi Arabia 17 7.5Safety in Construction Industry of Saudi Arabia 18 7.Conceptual Framework 19 Research methodology 20 9.1 Research philosophy 20 9.2 Research strategy and method 22 9.3 Research techniques 23 Summary and way forward 24 Summary 24 Way forward 24 References 25 1. Introduction There have been on-going debates on the health and safety issues in different organisations and industries, more specifically, in the construction industry. According to Rowlinson and Lingard (2005), it is important to acknowledge that construction industry is facing many ch allenges in the globalisation era because of the health and safety issues. Generally, it is believed that organisational philosophy is one of the issues, which influence the performance of the building industry. The organisational culture is the set of shared values and beliefs that people of organisation follow, and is reflected by their behaviour, attitude, and reaction with each other and with organisation’s stakeholders. ... The study also seeks to explore the impact of culture and safety, on project performance. The study remains based on the building industry located in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The current health and safety policies being adopted by construction industry in Saudi Arabia, the accidental rates in construction sites, and the factors that influence implementation of safety culture in construction companies will also be examined. The research would be helpful in determining the degree to which culture influences safety and performance of the project. 2. Background Organisational culture is simply the collective shared values, attitudes, and behaviours of people working in the organisation. It reflects by every action of an organisation: how an organisation takes decision, treats its employees, and conducts its business. Additionally, it considers various aspects of employee such as how they behave with stakeholders of the company. Organisational cultures influence every part of the busi ness including organisation’s environment, its product and services, safety and health of the environment (Coffey, 2010). The construction industry of Saudi Arabia is one of the largest and fast growing markets; it was valued at $36.5 billion in 2011, and is expected to reach $43.8 billion by 2013 (Zawya, 2012). Therefore, to ensure that the targeted growth in the construction industry is realized, an understanding of the influence of culture on safety and project performance is essential. According to the U.S.-Saudi Arabian Business Council, the construction industry in Saudi Arabia has potential growth in future. More demands in residential and commercial construction

The Mailbox And Postal System Information Technology Essay

The Mailbox And Postal System Information Technology Essay The hardware and software benefited in this project are the physical mailbox itself, a microcontroller, infrared sensors, and MySQL database management system. This chapter will give brief introduction of the mailbox and postal system, fundamental of microcontroller and sensor, and database management system (DBMS). 2.2 Mailbox and Postal System 2.2.1 Introduction of Mailbox Mailboxes are tools for sending letters (Postbox Solutions, 2007). They are very common in human communities. It provides people with one of the most practical way of communicating with other people around the world. There are so many varieties of mailbox regardless of shapes, colours, fonts, logo and etc. However, no matter how different or how strange the mailbox may look like, it still does its job with no compromises. 2.2.2 Relationship of Mailbox and Postal System in History Research by Cornerstone (2010) said that mailboxes is started to be used in the late 1700s in Paris, France. As time passed by, it became popular in the Europe in middle-late 1800s after the British Post Office asked people to install mailboxes at their offices and residents and decided to begin mail delivery. Previously, people have to pick their mails at the local post office by themselves and there were no postmen during that time. The story is different in the U.S in 1863 when the U.S. Postal Service (USPS) began the Free City Delivery. People in the U.S at that time had no mailboxes installed at their houses. Postmen delivered mail to each houses door by door waiting  for a patron  to answer the knock. This method of mail delivery took extra time and patrons were not always home or able to answer the door.  Patrons began to install mail slots and mailboxes at their doors. According to Cornerstone (2010), the U.S. Postal Service in 1896 introduced Rural Free Delivery (RFD). The USPS researched ways to save time and solve the problem with mail-carriers delivering mail to the scattered rural patrons.  They proposed that mailboxes for people lives in the area to be placed at curb sides and roadways. Later in 1923, USPS mandated that every household to have a  proper mailbox to receive mails. In 1915, Roy J. Joroleman, an employee of the post office invented the curved, tunnel-shaped mailbox.   The shaped was designed to prevent water and snow from collecting in the mailbox.  Soon after, the Postmaster General released the design for manufacture and production and this design has been the top-selling type of mailbox (Cornerstone, 2010). Figure 2.1 : A curved, tunnel-shaped mailbox 2.2.3 Centralize Mailbox System The development of the country has seen that there are so many tall, multiple-storey building been built all over the country. Single type mailbox that can always be spotted at each household and offices during the early days is no more practical for residential apartments and office complexes. In order to overcome this problem, centralize mailbox system was introduced. Centralized mailbox system often found at the ground floor of each tall building where every owner of each residential apartment or office will have one for his or her unit. central mailbox.PNG Figure 2.2 : Centralize mailbox system. 2.3 Microcontroller 2.3.1 Introduction to Microcontroller In simple words, a microcontroller is a computer (Brain, 2000). The terms computer can be wide in definition. It can be a desktop personal computer, a laptop computer, a handheld-sized smartphones or the microcontrollers themselves. A microcontroller can be interpreted as a computer due to the reason that it has several similarities as compared to a computer. Generally, the basic architecture of a microcontroller involves four main parts; central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and input output ports (I/O ports). In the case of computers, all computers have a CPU that executes programmes such as a web browser or a word processor. The computer has some RAM installed where the CPU can store variables while doing its work. It also has I/O ports that connect many types of input and output devices, for example the keyboard the input device, and the monitor the output device. inside a microcontroller.PNG Figure 2.3 : The architecture of a microcontroller (Engineers Garage). However, with certain comparison in terms of features, microcontrollers and computers can be differentiated. The desktop computer which often can be found at offices and homes is a general purpose computer, while a microcontroller is a special purpose computer (Brain, 2000). Due to its relatively small size, microcontrollers are embedded inside some other devices and work as the controller of the features of the product. Microcontrollers are also dedicated to run one specific programme only; the programmed that is loaded into the ROM. Finally, often in most of the cases, a microcontroller is small and low in cost, hence good for mass production of products that utilize microcontrollers. 2.4 Sensor 2.4.1 Introduction to Sensor A sensor is a device that measures the physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or an instrument. Ideal sensors are designed to be linear. The output signal of such a sensor is linearly proportional to the value of the measured property. The sensitivity is then defined as the ratio between output signal and measured property. A good sensor obeys the following rules: Is sensitive to the measured property. Is insensitive to any other property. Does not influence the measured property. 2.4.2 Applications of Sensor Sensors are widely used in our daily life nowadays. There are many types of sensors today. These sensors can be categorized into specific types. Lists of sensors use nowadays are as below: Acoustic sensor such as Geophone, Microphone and Seismometer. Electric current sensor such as Ammeter, Voltmeter and Multimeter. Environment and weather sensor such as Gas detector and Rain sensor. Optical, light and imaging sensor such as flame detector, Infra-red sensor and Photodiode. Pressure sensor such as Barometer, Hydrometer and Pressure sensor. Temperature sensor such as Thermometer. 2.5 Database 2.5.1 Introduction to Database The database is one of the technology terms that most people have become accustomed to hearing either at work or while surfing the internet. The database term used to be an extremely technical term. However, database has become a household term with the rise of computer systems and information technology throughout the culture. Selena (1998) has highlighted the definition of database as a computerized way of keeping collection of records or data. The true usefulness of database is seen especially if the data stored in the database in big volumes because the stored data is easily accessible. Moreover, adding new information and updating any changes should also be considerably painless. Besides that, on-demand record searching in the future will be piece of cake. Another advantage of a database is it can be shared all over the network where the computer that holds the database is connected. At this point, the presence of a Database Management System (DBMS) is very important in order to have a highly systematic database system. DBMS is a program that handles the queries and data stored inside the database. 2.5.2 Types of Databases There are four types of databases that are commonly used where each type of database represents its own data model. Data model means how the data inside the database is structured. The four types are; Flat Model, Hierarchical Model, Relational Model, and Network Model. 2.5.2.1 The Flat Model Database As written by Smith (2010), a flat database is a database that utilizes only one table for the fields of records. For example, a spreadsheet is used to store all the data and records. The information is separated into columns of its category, and each line represents one record. This type of database might be sufficient for small database, but a spreadsheet will seem to be not practical, notably for ones with large amount of records. 2.5.2.2 The Hierarchical Model Database As its name hints, the hierarchical model database resembles a hierarchically-arranged data (Selena, Introduction to Databases for the Web: Pt. 1, 1998). It links records together in a structure like a tree, or like an organizational chart. In this model, each data will be categorized and stored as a sub-data of its category. Every data must fall into only one category. Hierarchical structure database were widely implemented during the early time of database management systems. However, this model of database became irrelevant for some certain data types. For example, in a college environment, the administration might stored student information and sorts them according to their courses. Database operation will be smooth if every student is enrolled in one course only. But, problem will arise whenever a student enrolled in more than one course. Hierarchical database is unable to put a record into two categories, or otherwise, it will be considered as duplications. Figure 2.4 shows an example of the structure of hierarchical database. hierarcy engineering.png Figure 2.4 : The tree structure of hierarchical database model. 2.5.2.3 The Relational Model Database The relational model is the most popular type of database the most database system in use today. As appointed by K. Powell (2010), the relational database concept was derived from the principal of relational algebra, which was realized by Dr. E. F. Codd in his paper, A Relational Model of Data for Large Shared Data Banks. This database model is a very powerful tool, not only to store records, but to access it as well. All the data were stored in tables. Each table contains of rows and columns. A single record will be recorded in one row, and the details of the data are separated in columns, in the table. Every column has a unique name and the content within the column must be of the same type. A table is able to hold many records, and sometimes tables are referred as relation. A database may have more than one table. Each of the tables can be linked or related to each other by referring to the primary key. A primary key is a unique name that every record must have that acts as its identifier. 2.5.2.4 The Network Model Database A network database model is not far different from the hierarchical model. The difference between network and hierarchical model is, in network model, a record may fall into more than one category. Figure 2.5 shows the structure of network database model which is a bit different from relational database models. hierarcy engineering2.png Figure 2.5 : The structure of network database model. 2.6 MySQL 2.6.1 Introduction to MySQL MySQL is a probably the most popular database management system. Referring to the MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual (2010), to perform an operation onto a database such as adding, accessing, and processing data stored in a computer database, ones will need a database management system such as MySQL. A DBMS plays a central role in computers at handling large amounts of data. 200px-MySQL.svg.png Figure 2.6 : The MySQL logo. MySQL is a relational database management system or so called as RDBMS. For the sake of speed and flexibility, a relational database stores data in separate tables compared to flat file database that puts all the data in one big file. The SQL abbreviation in MySQL word stands for Structured Query Language (MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual, 2010). Badurina (2010) stated that MySQL is open source and it falls under GNU Not Unix (GNU) General Public License (GPL). Open source means that anyone is possible to use and modify the software.

Vioxx and Merck & Co. Essay -- essays research papers

Vioxx/Merck Summary The painkiller Vioxx was introduced in 1999 by Merck & Co. It has been used by over 20 million Americans since it was put on the market. Vioxx remained on the market for approximately five years without adequate warnings about its risks. In September of 2004, Merck took Vioxx off the market after a study revealed that it doubled the risk of heart attack or stroke for patients that used it for more than 18 months. Although Merck claimed that they had no idea of these possibly lethal side effects, some internal documents imply that they had been aware of the problem for years and had not made moves to change it. Over 300 lawsuits have been filed against Merck, and it is expected that thousands more will arise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Further studies were conducted on the drug, but Merck adamantly fought Vioxx findings. Even thou Merck funded and agreed with the design of the study, it publicly discredited its findings. Other reports showed that in older patients, Vioxx made no provide as much protection as it is expected to. One study links Vioxx to 88,000 to140,000 cases of heart disease. Most of this information had been kept private for quite a long time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite the obvious health risks, in February of 2005, government advisers concluded that the benefits of Vioxx outweighed the dangers and that it was the patients decision whether or not to keep using the drugs. They stated that the prescription products should ... Vioxx and Merck & Co. Essay -- essays research papers Vioxx/Merck Summary The painkiller Vioxx was introduced in 1999 by Merck & Co. It has been used by over 20 million Americans since it was put on the market. Vioxx remained on the market for approximately five years without adequate warnings about its risks. In September of 2004, Merck took Vioxx off the market after a study revealed that it doubled the risk of heart attack or stroke for patients that used it for more than 18 months. Although Merck claimed that they had no idea of these possibly lethal side effects, some internal documents imply that they had been aware of the problem for years and had not made moves to change it. Over 300 lawsuits have been filed against Merck, and it is expected that thousands more will arise.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Further studies were conducted on the drug, but Merck adamantly fought Vioxx findings. Even thou Merck funded and agreed with the design of the study, it publicly discredited its findings. Other reports showed that in older patients, Vioxx made no provide as much protection as it is expected to. One study links Vioxx to 88,000 to140,000 cases of heart disease. Most of this information had been kept private for quite a long time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Despite the obvious health risks, in February of 2005, government advisers concluded that the benefits of Vioxx outweighed the dangers and that it was the patients decision whether or not to keep using the drugs. They stated that the prescription products should ...

Reviewer for Science Quiz Bee Essay

1. A great Greek philosopher, he was the first person to study nature systematically. ARISTOTLE 2. He laid the foundation of modern scientific thought and assembled materials for an organized encyclopedia of all knowledge. ARISTOTLE 3. He was the foremost natural philosopher in ancient times. ARISTOTLE 4. A Benedictine nun, she contributed the medical work â€Å"Causea et Curae et Physica†. HILDEGARD OF BENGEN 5. An astronomer who proposed that the sun was the center of the universe. -NICOLAS COPERNICUS 6. He discovered the circulation of the blood which ushered in the new age in the study of medicine and biology. WILLIAM HARVEY 7. He was the first to raise the telescope to the sky to study the universe. GALILEO GALILEI 8. He formulated the 3 laws of planetary motion. JOHANNES KEPLER 9. He proposed the Theory of Evolution. CHARLES DARWIN 10. She discovered radioactivity. MADAME MARIE CURIE 11. He discovered the germ that causes tuberculosis. ROBERT KOCH 12. He became famous for his work on fermentation and decay. –LOUIS PASTEUR 13. He proposed the Theory of Relativity. ALBERT EINSTEIN 14. He won the Nobel Prize for his work on photoelectric effect. ALBERT EINSTEIN 15. She determined the structure of biochemical compounds essential I treating pernicious anemia. -DOROTHY HODGKIN 16. He is considered as the â€Å"father of geothermal energy development†. ARTURO ALCARAZ 17. He invented a fertilizer call farmer’s pure organic fertilizer. ABRAHAM Q. TADEJA 18. He invented a solar engine that can generate electricity for home use. JESUS ALVERO 19. A national scientist, is best remembered for his work on medicinal plants. He discovered over 4,000 plant species. EDUARDO A. QUISUMBING 20. It is the scientific way of solving problems. SCIENTIFIC METHOD 21. It is a systematic and logical procedure in solving problems. SCIENTIFIC METHOD 22. It is a challenge or a task which a scientist undertakes for scientific purposes. PROBLEM 23. It is an educated guess about a certain phenomenon. HYPOTHESIS 24. It refers to the general procedure on how to carry out an experiment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN 25. These are the factors that are multiplied or changed. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES 26. These are the factors that change in response to the independent variable. DEPENDENT VARIABLE 27. It is a unit of measure used by Egyptians. CUBIT 28. It is the distance from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger. CUBIT 29. It is a modernized version of the metric system. INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS/SI SYSTEM 30. It provides a logical and interconnected framework for all measurements in science, industry, and commerce. INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS/SI SYSTEM 31. It is used to weigh small masses of objects. PLATFORM BALANCE 32. It is equivalent to a foot and consists of 12 inches. RULER 33. It used in measuring length and distance. RULER 34. It used to measure length and distance. It consists of 100 centimeters. METERSTICK 35. Measures time in seconds, minutes, and hours. STOPWATCH 36. It measures volume of liquids. GRADUATED CYLINDER 37. It measures atmospheric temperature. THERMOMETER 38. It measures the force or weight of objects. SPRING BALANCE 39. These are the digits that indicate the certainty of the number of units in a measured quantity. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES 40. It is a shorthand writing of extremely large or small figures. SCIENTIFIC NOTATION 41. It is the changing from smaller to bigger unit and vice versa. CONVERSION 42. It is the distance from one point to another. LENGTH 43. It is the basic standard unit in the metric system. METER 44. It is the space occupied by matter. VOLUME 45. It is the amount of matter in an object. MASS 46. It refers to the quantity of matter. MASS 47. It is a quantity of matter which does not change with altitude of a place. MASS 48. It is used to measure the volume of an irregular object. WATER DISPLACEMENT METHOD 49. It is defined as the mass per unit volume. DENSITY 50. A Greek mathematician who discovered that the earth is round. PYTHAGORAS 51. A Greek mathematician who measured the circumference of the earth as 25,000 miles. ERATHOSTHENES 52. It is an information gathered using the five senses. OBSERVATION 53. It is a conclusion or an interpretation of events based from observed information. INFERENCE 54. It is used as a container and as a heating device. It measures volume of liquids. BEAKER 55. It is used as a heating apparatus, a container and may be used for measuring the volume of liquids. ERLENMEYER FLASK 56. It is used as a heating apparatus. It is also used as a distilling device for collecting gases. FLORENCE FLASK 57. It is used for the preparation of any solution. VOLUMETRIC FLASK 58. It is used as a container for liquid solutions and powderized chemicals. TEST TUBE 59. It is used to hold a test tube while heating. TEST TUBE HOLDER 60. It is used to pick up and hold any hot apparatus. TONGS 61. It is used to distribute evenly the heat of the flame. WIRE GAUZE 62. It is used as a container of liquids and solids being tested. WIDE-MOUTH BOTTLE 63. It is used to hold an apparatus especially when being heated. BURET CLAMP/TEST TUBE CLAMP 64. It is used to support heating apparatuses. TRIPOD 65. It is used for stirring/mixing liquid or solid mixtures. STIRRING ROD 66. It is used for measuring a small amount of liquid. MEDICINE DROPPER 67. It is used for cleaning any glass apparatus. TEST TUBE BRUSH 68. It is used to pick and hold hot objects. FORCEPS 69. It is used to pour liquids from one container to another. FUNNEL 70. It is used for grinding solid substances to powderized form. MORTAR AND PESTLE 71. It is used to allow liquids to evaporate. EVAPORATING DISH 72. It is used for scooping solids or any powderized substance. SPATULA AND SPOON 73. It is used to hold test tubes in place. TEST TUBE RACK 74. It is the main heating device in the laboratory in the absence of a Bunsen burner. LABORATORY BURNER 75. It is used to weigh chemicals and smaller masses of objects. PLATFORM BALANCE 76. It is used as a container for specimens being studied. WATCH GLASS 77. These are used to thicken printing dyes for the textile industry. ALGINATES 78. It is an herbal plant with medicinal value. It can cure stomach ache, diarrhea, and colic. TSAANG-GUBAT 79. It is anything that occupies space and has mass. MATTER 80. This is the attraction between molecules. INTERMOLECULAR ATTRACTION 81. A condition that causes the water molecules at the surface to behave as though they are being stretched. SURFACE TENSION 82. It is the rising action of a liquid inside a very fine tube. CAPILLARITY 83. The attraction between two different kinds of molecule. ADHESION 84. The attraction between the same kinds of molecule. COHESION 85. It consists of one phase with a definite composition. PURE SUBSTANCE 86. Is any material with uniform composition. SUBSTANCE 87. These are made up of atoms of the same identity. ELEMENTS 88. These are pure substances that can be resolved into unidentical atoms. COMPUNDS 89. A physical combination of two more substances. MIXTURE 90. It is a combination of two or more kinds of substance which can be separated by physical means. MIXTURE 91. A mixture that has only one distinct phase. HOMOGENOUS MIXTURE 92. A mixture that has two or more distinct phases. HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE 93. A mixture that is made up of 2 or more substances that are mixed together. HETEROGENOUS MIXTURE 94. It is the standard unit for mass based on the SI system of measurement. KILOGRAM 95. It is the measure of the pull of gravity on an object. WEIGHT 96. The standard unit for measuring weight. NEWTON 97. The ability of a matter to return to their original size and shape after being pushed, pulled or subjected to stress. ELASTICITY 98. The ability of a matter to be extended or flattened and shaped. MALLEABILITY 99. It is the temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy. MELTING POINT 100. It is the temperature at which a liquid starts changing into the gaseous phase. BOILING POINT 101. It describes that matter and energy cannot be created nor destroyed, however, they can be transformed. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS 102. It was formulated to explain the composition and behavior of matter. MOLECULAR THEORY 103. Even smaller particles that make up a molecule.   ATOMS 104. Smallest particle of an element. ATOM 105. Smallest particle of a compound. MOLECULE 106. It is characterized by a change in the phase or state of a substance. PHYSICAL CHANGE 107. It is characterized by the formation of new substances with new properties and compositions. CHEMICAL CHANGE 108. These are the materials that undergo a change. REACTANTS 109. These are the materials formed as a result of the chemical change or reaction between the reactants. PRODUCTS 110. It refers to the process in which the amount of living substances in the body increases. GROWTH 111. The process whereby organisms produce new organisms of the same kind. REPRODUCTION 112. It is that ability to respond to external stimuli. IRRITABILITY 113. It means transferring or shifting from one place or position to another. MOVEMENT 114. It allows an organism to change, helping it to cope with unfavorable changes in the environment. ADAPTATION 115. It is the basic structural unit of living things. CELL 116. He invented the microscope. ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK 117. It is an instrument used to magnify or enlarge minute objects. MICROSCOPE 118. An English scientist, the first person to see cells using a very simple microscope. ROBERT HOOKE 119. It is a thin layer that surrounds and holds the parts of the cell together. CELL MEMBRANE 120. It controls the activities of a cell. NUCLEUS 121. It is the jelly-like liquid material of the cell. It contains many cell materials. CYTOPLASM 122. It contains a variety of cell structures. CYTOPLASM 123. These are structures in the cell which generally contain pigments. PLASTIDS 124. These are colorless plastids that are found in sex cells and storage cells of roots and underground stems. LEUCOPLASTS 125. These carry pigments that give color to the plants. CHROMOPLASTS 126. It contains chlorophyll which traps light used in making food. CHLOROPLASTS 127. A green pigment that is essential to photosynthesis. CHLOROPHYLL 128. It provides shape and support to the cell. CELL WALL 129. These are filled with water cell sap which contains food, cell secretions, and wastes. VACUOLES 130. It stores water and dissolved materials. VACUOLES 131. Also known as â€Å"suicidal sac†, it contains the enzymes which promote the breakdown or digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. LYSOSOMES 132. It plays an important role in cell division, it is found in the cytoplasm of most animals and in some blue-green algae. CENTROSOME 133. It moves materials within the cells and it maintains its shape. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM 134. It controls the movement of materials in and out of nucleus. NUCLEAR MEMBRANE 135. It releases energy, powerhouse of the cell. MITOCHONDRIA 136. This is where proteins are made. RIBOSOME 137. It carries the code that controls a cell. CHROMOSOMES 138. It stores and releases chemicals. GOLGI BODIES 139. Small organs found in the cytoplasm of both plant and animal cells. ORGANELLES 140. The interaction between a community and its non-living environment. ECOSYSTEM 141. The study of interactions between living things and their environment. ECOLOGY 142. It includes the different species of living organisms in a particular habitat. BIOTIC COMPONENT 143. It refers to the place where organisms live. HABITAT 144. It is composed of non-living things. ABIOTIC COMPONENT 145. Are organisms that cannot make their own food. CONSUMERS 146. Plant eaters. HERBIVORES 147. Eats both plant and animal. OMNIVORE 148. It is a pathway of food and energy through an ecosystem. FOOD CHAIN 149. It is a complex network of feeding relationships made up of many interconnected food chains. FOOD WEB 150. This cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration. CARBON DIOXIDE-OXYGEN CYCLE 151. Microorganisms that acts upon the remaining nitrates in the soil. DENITRIFYING BACTERIA 152. It converts nitrates, nitrites, and ammonia into oxygen. DENITRIFYING BACTERIA 153. A relationship when both organisms are benefited. MUTUALISM 154. A relationship wherein one organism is benefited while the other is not harmed. COMMENSALISM 155. The organism that is actually benefited. COMMENSAL 156. The organism that is neither harmed nor benefited. HOST 157. A relationship wherein one organism is benefited while the other dies. PREEDATION 158. The organism which captures or kills another animal. PREDATOR 159. The organism which gets killed and eaten alive. PREY 160. A relationship where one organism is benefited and the other is harmed. PARASITISM 161. A relationship wherein organisms compete for food in order to survive. COMPETITION 162. Ecological relationship in which participating organisms belong to the same species. INTRASPECIFIC 163. Ecological relationship in which participating organisms belong to different species. INTERSPECIFIC 164. It is the process of manufacturing food in green plants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS 165. A condition in the environment that stops a population from increasing in size. LIMITING FACTOR 166. The destruction of forest. DEFORESTATION 167. It is the adding of harmful substances to the environment that can affect all living organisms. POLLUTION 168. It is caused by particulates from motor vehicles and the burning of fuels in homes and factories. AIR POLLUTION 169. The wise use of natural resources. CONSERVATION 170. It is the wearing away of soil by water, wind, ice, and gravity. EROSION 171. It is the practice of removing unhealthy trees and those with little commercial value. IMPROVEMENT CUTTING 172. It is the practice of removing only mature trees as younger trees are left to grow. SELECTIVE CUTTING 173. It is the practice of renewing a forest by seeding or planting small trees. REFORESTATION 174. It is the total number of organisms of a species in an ecosystem. POPULATION 175. It is a group of population in an ecosystem. COMMUNITY 176. These are the roles played by an organism in a community. ECOLOGICAL NICHES 177. It is a diagram which shows the flow of energy in a food chain. ENERGY PYRAMID 178. These are level of energy consumption. TROPHIC LEVELS 179. It refers to the land part of the earth. LITHOSPHERE 180. These are the basic building blocks of the lithosphere. ROCKS 181. It is the science that deals with the study of formation, composition, and classification of rocks. PETROLOGY 182. The water part of the earth. HYDROSPHERE 183. The continuous depression on the earth’s surface which holds ocean water. OCEAN BASIN 184. Sea of air that completely surrounds the earth. ATMOSPHERE 185. It is generated primarily by the northeast trade winds. NORTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT 186. It is generated by the southeast trade winds and flows from east to west. SOUTH EQUATORIAL CURRENT 187. It flows towards the east between the two equatorial currents. EQUATORIAL COUNTER CURRENT 188. Are movements of water which result from differences in density of adjoining water masses. DENSITY CURRENTS 189. The region drained by a river system. RIVER BASIN 190. The height of the land separating one river from another. DIVIDE 191. It is the layer nearest the earth. TROPOSPHERE 192. It contains the ozone layer. STRATOSPHERE 193. The coldest zone of the atmosphere. MESOSPHERE 194. Temperature in this layer increases quickly because of the absorption of energy from the sun. THERMOSPHERE 195. A layer of electrically-charged particles which are useful for communications. IONOSPHERE 196. It is the layer that extends out to interplanetary space. EXOSPHERE 197. It is the current state of the atmosphere. WEATHER 198. It is an instrument used to measure the force of air or air pressure. BAROMETER 199. A device that keeps the record of air pressure of force of air together with its changes for a longer period of time. BAROGRAPH 200. It is the movement of the air caused by varying density. WIND 201. It is the moisture in the atmosphere. HUMIDITY 202. It forms when a large part of air in the troposphere stops or moves slowly over a uniform land or water surface. AIR MASS 203. A high pressure area produced by the large pile of air over the earth’s surface. ANTICYCLONE 204. It appears as a depression or basin in an air mass. CYCLONE 205. It is the average state of all weather conditions in an area over a long period of time. CLIMATE 206. It has been developed to control and induced precipitation, it is used to disperse fog at airports. CLOUD SEEDING 207. A person who studies the weather. METEOROLOGIST 208. It measures wind speed. ANEMOMETER 209. It is used to measure the amount of rain fall. RAIN GAUGE 210. It is a compilation of weather data from many collecting stations. WEATHER MAP 211. It causes the wind’s direction to change. CORIOLIS EFFECT 212. The study or science of weather. METEOROLOGY 213. The prediction of weather. WEATHER FORECASTING 214. It describes a weather condition with a few clouds and no rain. FINE WEATHER 215. It means that clouds are present which may produce scattered rains but the greater portion of the day will be sunny or without rain. FAIR WEATHER 216. It refers to a condition in which rains occur during a greater portion of the day with light to moderate winds. RAINY WEATHER 217. It refers to a weather condition characterized by rains and strong winds. STORMY WEATHER 218. It is the agency responsible for providing information to the people on what to do before, during and after any natural phenomenon. PAG-ASA 219. He published the â€Å"Origin of Continents and Oceans†. ALFRED WEGENER 220. The theory that suggests that continents had once been one large land mass which had separated and moved apart. CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY 221. The great land mass. PANGEA (â€Å"ALL THE WORLD† or â€Å"ALL NATIONS† 222. The theory that explains not only the movements of continents, but also the changes on the earth’s crust as caused by internal forces. PLATE TECTONIC THEORY 223. According to the theory, the earth’s crust is broken into nine large plates and several smaller ones. PLATE TECTONIC THEORY 224. It is a minor plate between the Eurasian and the Pacific Plates. PHILIPPINE PLATE 225. Two plates are pulling apart, leaving a gap in between. DIVERGENT BOUNDARIES 226. Plates move past one another in opposite directions or in the same direction but at different rates. CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES 227. Two colliding plates cause one to go under the other. CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES 228. The process wherein successive separations and fillings continue to add new oceanic crusts between diverging plates. SEA FLOOR SPREADING 229. The average rate of spreading from a typical mid-ocean ridge. 6 CMS/YR 230. Highest mountain in the Philippines. MOUNT APO. 231. Highest mountain in the world. MOUNT EVEREST 232. The bending of rocks into folds. FOLDING 233. It is the result when the rock layer slides or slips over one another along the break or fracture. FAULTING 234. It is any vibration or shaking of the earth’s crust caused by faults. EARTHQUAKE 235. Earthquakes resulting from the movement of the crust or plate. TECTONIC ORIGIN 236. Earthquakes caused by molten magma as it forces its way up from deep under earth’s crust. VOLCANIC ORIGIN 237. It is an opening on the earth’s crust through which lava is thrown out. VOLCANO 238. These are cone-shaped structures composed of alternating flows of andesite lava and ash, cinders, and fragments. STRATO-VOLCANOES OR COMPOSITE VOLCANOES 239. These are volcanoes formed from basalt. SHIELD VOLCANOES 240. These volcanoes are formed from violent eruptions that expel fragments of lava in cinders. CINDER VOLCANOES 241. These are volcanoes that erupt periodically or had erupted in recent times. ACTIVE VOLCANOES 242. These are volcanoes that show signs of activity but have not erupted for a considerable length of time. DORMANT VOLCANOES 243. These are volcanoes in which all signs of volcanic activities have ceased. EXTINCT VOLCANOES 244. These are formed from cooling and hardening of molten materials which are heavy, usually dark in color, and unlayered. IGNEOUS ROCKS 245. These are formed from sediments, shells, or remains of plants and animal fossils, that were buried and later hardened into rocks. SEDIMENTARY ROCKS 246. These are formed from pre-existing igneous and sedimentary rocks as a result of temperature and pressure changes. METAMORPHIC ROCKS 247. The process where rocks change from one form to another as they are affected by natural processes, such as weathering, erosion, great heat, and pressure. ROCK CYCLE 248. The process of breaking down of rocks into fragments brought about by physical or chemical change. WEATHERING 249. The process by which rock fragments and soil are carried along by such agents as wind, water, and gravity. EROSION 250. The process of transferring soil from one place to another. EROSION 251. The process by which eroded rock fragments and soil are deposited in different places. DEPOSITION 252. The process by which deposited soil and rock fragments at the bottom of the sea become cemented and harden into rocks. COMPACTING 253. The process where compacted or cemented rock is subjected to great heat and pressure, changing the constitution of the rock. METAMORPHISM 254. It is naturally occurring, inorganic, crystalline solid with definite chemical composition. MINERAL 255. It refers to the way light is reflected from a mineral’s surface. LUSTER 256. It is a mineral’s resistance to being scratched. HARDNESS 257. A German mineralogist who worked out a scale of hardness used for mineral identification. FRIEDROCH MOHS 258. It is the hardest mineral. DIAMOND 259. It is the softest mineral. TALC 260. It is the color of a mineral in powderized form. STREAK 261. The way mineral breaks along smooth, flat planes. CLEAVAGE 262. It refers to the ratio of the mineral’s mass to the mass of an equal volume of water. SPECIFIC GRAVITY 263. It is the process of excavating and extracting ore or minerals in rocks. MINING 264. It is an organic matter from decayed plant and animal materials. HUMUS 265. It is a vertical section of all horizons that make up a soil. SOIL PROFILE 266. It consists of less fragmented rock materials, being less exposed to agents of weathering. BEDROCK 267. It refers to coarseness or fineness of the soil particles resulting from the weathering of rocks. SOIL TEXTURE 268. It has the smoothest and finest soil texture. SILT 269. It is the soil that is best for farming. LOAM 270. It is the uprising of water from the greater depths as the surface water is driven offshore. UPWELLING 271. A layer that absorbs or filters harmful rays from the sun. OZONE LAYER 272. It is a mountain-building process. VOLCANISM 273. The shape of the earth. OBLATE SPHEROID 274. The spinning or turning of the earth on its axis. ROTATION 275. It is the movement of the earth on its axis that gives rise to the occurrence of day and night. ROTATION 276. The movement of the earth around the sun. REVOLUTION 277. The imaginary line which separates the zones of day and night. TWILIGHT CIRCLE 278. The earth’s axis is tilted at 23  ½ degrees 279. The earth completes its revolution once in every 365 and  ¼ days. 280. Our planet’s only natural satellite. MOON 281. The rise and fall in sea level. TIDE 282. It occurs when the moon, the earth, and the sun are in line with one another. ECLIPSE 283. When the sun, moon, and earth fall in one straight line, the sun cannot be sun from a spot on earth because the moon covers it. SOLAR ECLIPSE 284. When the sun, earth, and the moon are aligned, the moon cannot be seen from earth because the earth covers it. LUNAR ECLIPSE 285. The dark inner part of the eclipse. UMBRA 286. The lighter outer part of the eclipse. PENUMBRA 287. It is the term used when the sun’s disk is completely covered by the moon. TOTAL ECLIPSE 288. It is the term used where only a part of the sun’s disk is covered. PARTIAL ECLIPSE 289. It is defines as the mean distance of the earth from the sun equivalent to 150,000,000km. ASTRONOMICAL UNIT (AU) 290. It considered as the most massive or the biggest planet. JUPITER 291. It is the densest among the planets. EARTH 292. It is the farthest planet and has the longest period of revolution. PLUTO 293. Are celestial objects made of ice and dust that revolve around the sun. COMETS 294. Are small, stony matters located in the space which passes through the earth in orbiting the sun. METEORS also known as â€Å"SHOOTING STARS† 295. Meteors that do not burn completely and fall on earth. METEORITES 296. Are meteor chunks that fall on earth.METEORITES 297. Are gigantic balls of flaming gases. STARS 298. It is the measure of the brightness of a star. MAGNITUDE 299. It refers to the apparent brightness of a star. MAGNITUDE 300. It is the nearest star to the earth. SUN 301. It is a medium-sized, middle-aged star of average brightness. SUN 302. An instrument used to learn about the composition of stats. SPECTROSCOPE 303. The process used to determine the size of the stars. INTERFEROMETRY 304. A technique that obtains an image in the surface of a big star. SPECKLE PHOTOGRAPHY 305. It is used to compute the diameter of the star. STEFAN-BOLTZMAN LAW 306. These are loose groups of stars that move through space as a unit. STAR CLUSTERS 307. These are group of stars that form a definite pattern. CONSTELLATIONS 308. It is the area where the star groups that are always visible are located. NORTH STAR OR POLARIS 309. These are huge systems of billions of stars and other celestial bodies. GALAXIES 310. It is the galaxy to which our sun belongs. MILKY WAY 311. It is a spiraling or rotating group of some 100 billion stars and clouds of dust and gases. MILKY WAY 312. It is composed of millions of galaxies. UNIVERSE 313. The planet that has the highest temperature because of its thick clouds of carbon dioxide. VENUS 314. It is anything that changes the motion and direction of moving objects or that causes an object at rest to start moving. FORCE 315. It is a push or a pull. FORCE 316. The force that attracts all objects on earth. GRAVITATIONAL FORCE 317. The force of attraction or repulsion between charged bodies. ELECTRICAL FORCE 318. The force that attracts any metal to the magnet. MAGNETIC FORCE 319. A very strong force that holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom. NUCLEAR FORCE 320. It resists or opposes the movement of two surfaces in contact with one another. FRICTION 321. A force that is present on two surfaces in contact with each other. CONTACT FORCE 322. It arises when two bodies collide as a result of squeezing, stretching, or bending. CONTACT FORCE 323. A force that acts on bodies over great distance. NON-CONTACT FORCE 324. It is done when the force applied to an object actually moves the object. WORK 325. It is always a product of a force applied and the distance along which the force acted. WORK 326. These are devices which transform force or energy into useful work. MACHINES 327. It is a rigid bar which is pivoted around a point called fulcrum. LEVER 328. It is made up of a grooved wheel over which a rope passes. PULLEY 329. It consists of a wheel attached to an axle. WHEEL AND AXLE 330. It is a spiral, inclined plane. SCREW 331. It is a flat surface with one end higher than the other. INCLINED PLANE 332. It is a double inclined plane with either one or two sloping sides. WEDGE 333. It is a unit used to express work. JOULE (J) or NEUTRON METER (Nm) 334. It is the distance and direction through which an object moves. DISPLACEMENT 335. He discovered work. JAMES PRESCOTT JOULE 336. It is defined as the capacity to do work. ENERGY 337. It is the ability to do work or the capacity to move matter from one place to another. ENERGY 338. The energy of position or condition. POTENTIAL ENERGY 339. The energy of motion. KINETIC ENERGY 340. According to this law, energy can change from one form or another, but it can never be created nor destroyed. LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY 341. It is the total energy coming from the attractive and repulsive forces of all the molecules in a body. THERMAL ENERGY 342. It is the energy transferred from an object with a high temperature to one with a lower temperature. HEAT ENERGY 343. It is the energy stored in matter due to forces of attraction and the arrangement of subatomic particles in atoms and of atoms in the molecules of substance. CHEMICAL ENERGY 344. It is the energy of electrons flowing through conductors. ELECTRICAL ENERGY OR ELECTRICITY 345. It is defined as the changing of one form of energy into another form. ENERGY TRANSFORMATION 346. It involves the transfer of heat energy from one material or system to another. HEAT TRANSFER 347. It is the transfer of heat from one matter to another. It occurs when two objects at different temperatures are in direct contact. CONDUCTION 348. Energy transfer through solid particles. CONDUCTION 349. Materials that conduct heat easily. CONDUCTORS 350. Materials in which heat energy cannot pass through. INSULATORS 351. It is the transfer of heat in a gas or liquid. CONVECTION 352. It is the transfer of energy that does not require matter. RADIATION 353. Energy transfer through an empty space in the form of waves. RADIATION 354. These were formed during the decay of organisms that lived millions years ago. FOSSIL FUELS 355. It forms as a result of the decay of plants in the absence of oxygen. COAL 356. The brownish substance in the decaying materials of plants. PEAT 357. The second stage of coal formation. It is a brown coal composed of compressed woody matter that has lost all its moisture. LIGNITE 358. The third stage of coal formation. It is a dense, dark, brittle material that has lost all its moisture and impurities. BITUMINOUS COAL 359. It is the final stage of coal formation. It has the least impurities because it is mostly carbon. ANTHRACITE COAL 360. It is an important hydrocarbon found in nature within pores and fractures of rocks. PETROLEUM OR CRUDE OIL 361. It is the easiest fossil fuel to transport and the cleanest when burned. NATURAL GAS 362. It refers to the production of electricity by means of generators driven by water turbines as an energy source. HYDROELECTRIC POWER 363. It comes from the internal heat of the earth. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 364. It is produced by fission or the splitting of the atom’s nucleus. NUCLEAR ENERGY 365. It is the abnormal increase in the temperature of bodies of water. THERMAL POLLUTION 366. A waste product which destroys cells, changes genetic materials, and even kills the plant and animal population living near the power plant. RADIATION 367. It is the harnessing of wind for energy needs. WIND POWER 368. It is the radiant energy from the sun. SOLAR ENERGY 369. A device which collects energy from the sun and transforms it directly into electricity. SOLAR CELL OR PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL 370. It is a possible generator of electricity with the two-way flow of water through narrow passages. TIDAL POWER 371. These are burnable fuels which are made from organic matter. BIOMASS FUELS 372. This is a combination of alcohol and gasoline. GASOHOL OR ALCOGAS 373. It is the wise and careful use of energy resources. ENERGY CONSERVATION